通风管道的工程质量控制标准

　　Engineering Quality Control Standards for Ventilation Ducts

　　风管制作质量标准按照《通风与空调工程施工质量验收规范GB50243－2016》和《通风管道技术规程JGJ141-2004》执行。

　　The quality standards for the production of air ducts shall be implemented in accordance with the "Code for Acceptance of Construction Quality of Ventilation and Air Conditioning Engineering GB50243-2016" and the "Technical Specification for Ventilation Ducts JGJ141-2004".

　　质量保证措施

　　Quality assurance measures

　　首先在对不锈钢板下料、加工时，工作台应铺设地毯，划线时不得使用锋利的划针，度量、咬口时用木方尺和木锤，避免在板材表面造成伤痕和凹陷，风管不需加工的表面应尽量保持平整，不得有锤印。

　　Firstly, when cutting and processing stainless steel plates, a carpet should be laid on the workbench. Sharp marking needles should not be used for marking, and wooden rulers and hammers should be used for measuring and biting to avoid scratches and dents on the surface of the plate. The surface of the air duct that does not need to be processed should be kept as flat as possible without hammer marks.

　　不锈钢板材在加工或保管堆放过程中，要避免与碳素钢接触，防止由于碳素钢的铁屑与不锈钢长时间接触，使其表面出现腐蚀中心，破坏表面的氧化层钝化膜。

　　During the processing or storage of stainless steel plates, contact with carbon steel should be avoided to prevent corrosion centers on the surface and damage to the oxide layer and passivation film due to prolonged contact between carbon steel iron filings and stainless steel.

　　焊缝表面和热影响区不能有裂纹、过热现象，也不得有气孔、夹渣，氩弧焊焊缝表面不得有发黑、发黄、花斑等现象。焊接后，应对焊缝及风管表面进行清理，即先去除油污及焊渣和飞溅物、然后用酸洗液钝化液酸洗钝化，再用水冲洗干净。

　　The surface of the weld seam and the heat affected zone must not have cracks, overheating, porosity, or slag inclusions. The surface of the argon arc welding seam must not have blackening, yellowing, or flower spots. After welding, the surface of the weld seam and air duct should be cleaned by first removing oil stains, welding slag, and splashes, then pickling and passivating with acid pickling solution, and finally rinsing with water.

　　不锈钢风管在制作过程中的防变形处理。①在制作较复杂形状的配件时先下好样板，再在不锈钢板上划线下料，以免下错料引起返工、产生不必要的变形。②尽量使用机械加工，如剪切、折边、咬口等做到一次成型，减少手工操作，因板材经锤击敲打会引起内应力造成不均匀的变形，敲打次数越多应力就越大、板材变硬、造成加工困难、容易产生变形。③采用正确的焊接顺序和组对方法：焊接时宜从中间往两头逆向分段施焊，使风管焊缝均匀地受热和冷却，以减少变形；组对焊接时先将风管点焊后，用夹具将其固定后再进行焊接，焊接时形成的高温，在冷却过程中所产生的收缩变形由夹具克服，达到防止变形的目的。直角形加固焊接使用夹具实物图参见图8.2.4。④变形后的矫正，焊后用木锤或铜锤另一侧衬垫板（与风管同弧度）进行锤击矫正，锤击时用力均匀、不得猛烈敲击。

　　Anti deformation treatment of stainless steel air ducts during the manufacturing process. ① When making accessories with complex shapes, first make a sample, and then mark the material on the stainless steel plate to avoid rework and unnecessary deformation caused by cutting the wrong material. ② Try to use mechanical processing, such as cutting, folding, biting, etc., to achieve one-time molding and reduce manual operations. The hammering of the board can cause uneven deformation due to internal stress. The more times the board is hammered, the greater the stress, making it harder to process and prone to deformation. ③ Adopting the correct welding sequence and assembly method: During welding, it is advisable to weld in reverse sections from the middle to both ends, so that the air duct weld is evenly heated and cooled to reduce deformation; When welding, the air duct is first spot welded and then fixed with a fixture before welding. The high temperature formed during welding and the shrinkage deformation generated during cooling are overcome by the fixture to prevent deformation. The actual picture of the fixture used for right angle reinforcement welding is shown in Figure 8.2.4. ④ Correction after deformation: After welding, use a wooden or copper hammer to hammer and correct with a backing plate on the other side (with the same curvature as the air duct). When hammering, apply even force and do not strike violently.

　　直角形加固焊接使用夹具实物图

　　Physical picture of fixture used for right angle reinforcement welding

　　在断续焊时，为保证焊缝的长度及间距的统一，在焊接前，需将焊缝的位置画出后，再行施焊。

　　In intermittent welding, in order to ensure the uniformity of the length and spacing of the weld seam, the position of the weld seam needs to be drawn before welding.

　　环保措施

　　Environmental protection measures

　　氩弧焊加工场地应确保足够的通风，使场内环境良好。

　　The argon arc welding processing site should ensure sufficient ventilation to maintain a good indoor environment.

　　不锈钢酸洗钝化后的水需倒在指定位置。

　　The water after pickling and passivation of stainless steel should be poured into the designated location.

　　严格执行当地有关环保要求的其他规定。

　　Strictly implement other regulations related to environmental protection in the local area.

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