通风管道安装涉及测量、切割、连接、固定等多个环节，每个环节都需要专用工具配合，以保证安装精度与效率，以下是具体的工具分类及用途说明。

　　The installation of ventilation ducts involves multiple stages such as measurement, cutting, connection, and fixation, each of which requires specialized tools to ensure installation accuracy and efficiency. The following are specific tool classifications and usage instructions.

　　测量与放线工具是安装的基础。卷尺（3 米至 5 米规格）用于测量管道长度、间距及安装位置的尺寸，确保管道布局符合设计要求；直角尺可辅助检测管道切口是否垂直、法兰是否与管道轴线垂直，保证连接面平整；线坠与水平仪用于校准管道的垂直度和水平度，避免安装后出现倾斜，影响气流顺畅；墨斗则用于在墙面、地面标记管道走向和固定点位置，为后续安装提供基准线。这些工具需定期检查精度，确保测量数据准确。

　　Measurement and laying tools are the foundation of installation. A tape measure (3 to 5 meters in size) is used to measure the length, spacing, and installation position of pipelines to ensure that the pipeline layout meets the design requirements; A square ruler can assist in detecting whether the pipeline incision is vertical and whether the flange is perpendicular to the pipeline axis, ensuring a smooth connection surface; The plumb bob and spirit level are used to calibrate the verticality and levelness of the pipeline, avoiding tilting after installation and affecting the smooth airflow; Ink fountain is used to mark the direction of pipelines and fixed point positions on walls and floors, providing a reference line for subsequent installation. These tools require regular precision checks to ensure accurate measurement data.

　　切割与成型工具用于管道加工。对于金属材质的通风管道（如镀锌钢板），常用电动剪或手动剪进行直线切割，曲线部位则需使用曲线剪，确保切口光滑无毛刺；咬口机是制作管道连接接口的关键工具，能将钢板边缘压制成不同类型的咬口（如单咬口、联合角咬口），使管道拼接紧密；压筋机可在管道表面压制加强筋，增强管道的整体刚度，防止运行时因气流振动产生变形；对于圆形管道，还需用到卷圆机，将平板卷制成所需直径的圆筒，保证圆度均匀。切割工具需保持刀刃锋利，避免因切割不畅导致切口变形。

　　Cutting and forming tools are used for pipeline processing. For metal ventilation ducts (such as galvanized steel plates), electric or manual scissors are commonly used for straight cutting, while curved parts require curved scissors to ensure smooth and burr free cuts; The biting machine is a key tool for making pipeline connection interfaces, which can press the edges of steel plates into different types of biting (such as single biting and joint corner biting), making the pipeline splicing tight; The reinforcing bar press can press reinforcing bars on the surface of the pipeline, enhancing the overall stiffness of the pipeline and preventing deformation caused by airflow vibration during operation; For circular pipelines, a rolling machine is also needed to roll the flat plate into a cylinder of the required diameter to ensure uniform roundness. The cutting tool should keep the blade sharp to avoid deformation of the incision due to poor cutting.

　　连接与固定工具用于管道组装。手电钻和冲击钻是打孔的必备工具，手电钻用于在管道或法兰上钻孔，以便安装螺栓；冲击钻则适用于在墙体、楼板等结构上打孔，用于固定管道支架。扳手类工具（活动扳手、套筒扳手）用于紧固法兰螺栓、支架膨胀螺栓等，不同规格的扳手需搭配使用，确保螺栓拧紧力度均匀。螺丝刀（一字、十字）用于安装支架上的固定螺丝、调节阀门的连接部件等。对于较大直径的管道，可能需要起重工具（如手拉葫芦、三脚架）辅助搬运和就位，确保管道在连接过程中保持稳定，避免因重力导致接口错位。

　　Connection and fixing tools are used for pipeline assembly. Hand drills and impact drills are essential tools for drilling holes. Hand drills are used to drill holes in pipelines or flanges for installing bolts; Impact drills are suitable for drilling holes in structures such as walls and floors to secure pipe supports. Wrench tools (adjustable wrench, socket wrench) are used to tighten flange bolts, bracket expansion bolts, etc. Different sizes of wrenches need to be used in combination to ensure even tightening of bolts. Screwdrivers (straight or cross) are used to install fixed screws on brackets, adjust valve connecting components, etc. For larger diameter pipelines, lifting tools such as chain hoists and tripods may be required to assist in handling and positioning, ensuring that the pipeline remains stable during the connection process and avoiding interface misalignment due to gravity.

　　密封与修整工具用于提升管道性能。密封胶枪用于将密封胶均匀涂抹在管道接口、法兰垫片等部位，增强连接处的气密性，防止漏风；玻璃胶刮刀可将涂抹后的密封胶刮平，使表面整洁且密封效果更佳。錾子和锤子用于修整管道切口的毛刺、凸起，或调整法兰的平整度，避免尖锐部位划破保温层或影响密封。锉刀（粗锉、细锉）则用于精细打磨切口，使金属边缘光滑，防止安装时划伤操作人员或密封材料。

　　Sealing and trimming tools are used to improve pipeline performance. The sealant gun is used to evenly apply sealant to pipeline interfaces, flange gaskets, and other areas to enhance the airtightness of the connection and prevent air leakage; The glass glue scraper can smooth out the applied sealant, making the surface clean and the sealing effect better. Chisel and hammer are used to trim burrs and protrusions on pipeline cuts, or adjust the flatness of flanges to avoid sharp areas scratching the insulation layer or affecting sealing. A file (coarse file, fine file) is used to finely polish the incision, making the metal edge smooth and preventing scratches on the operator or sealing material during installation.

　　检测与调试工具用于验证安装质量。风压检测仪可测量管道内部的风压损失，判断是否存在漏风点；烟雾发生器能通过释放烟雾观察气流走向，检查管道是否通畅、有无堵塞；卷尺和塞尺配合使用，可检测法兰之间的间隙是否均匀，确保垫片受力平衡。此外，对讲机便于安装团队在不同楼层或区域间沟通，协调吊装、定位等操作，提高施工效率。

　　Testing and debugging tools are used to verify installation quality. The wind pressure detector can measure the wind pressure loss inside the pipeline and determine whether there are air leakage points; The smoke generator can observe the direction of airflow by releasing smoke, and check whether the pipeline is unobstructed and not blocked; The combination of tape measure and feeler gauge can detect whether the gap between flanges is uniform, ensuring that the gasket is balanced in force. In addition, walkie talkies facilitate communication between installation teams on different floors or areas, coordinate lifting, positioning and other operations, and improve construction efficiency.

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