通风管道是山东各类建筑中空气流通的重要通道，长期使用后，管道内部会积累灰尘、油污甚至滋生微生物，不仅影响通风效率，还可能对室内空气质量造成影响。尤其山东气候四季分明，冬季供暖期管道内易凝结水汽，加速污垢堆积，因此掌握科学的清理方法十分必要。

　　Ventilation ducts are important channels for air circulation in various buildings in Shandong. After long-term use, dust, oil stains, and even microorganisms may accumulate inside the ducts, which not only affects ventilation efficiency but may also have an impact on indoor air quality. Especially in Shandong, the climate has distinct four seasons, and during the winter heating season, water vapor is prone to condense in the pipes, accelerating the accumulation of dirt. Therefore, it is necessary to master scientific cleaning methods.

　　清理前的准备工作不可或缺。首先需关闭通风系统电源，确保操作安全。然后根据管道的安装位置和规格，准备合适的工具，如长度可调节的管道刷、高压吹风机、吸尘器、内窥镜等。对于吊顶内或墙体中的隐蔽管道，可通过检修口进入，利用内窥镜观察内部污垢分布情况，确定清理重点区域。同时，在管道出风口和回风口处铺设防尘布，防止清理过程中灰尘扩散到室内环境。若管道内油污较多（如餐饮场所的通风管道），还需准备中性清洁剂和热水，避免使用腐蚀性强的化学药剂损伤管道材质。

　　Preparation before cleaning is essential. Firstly, it is necessary to turn off the power supply of the ventilation system to ensure safe operation. Then, according to the installation position and specifications of the pipeline, prepare suitable tools such as adjustable length pipeline brushes, high-pressure blowers, vacuum cleaners, endoscopes, etc. For concealed pipes inside the ceiling or walls, they can be accessed through inspection ports and the distribution of internal dirt can be observed using an endoscope to determine the key areas for cleaning. At the same time, dust-proof cloth should be laid at the outlet and return outlet of the pipeline to prevent dust from spreading into the indoor environment during the cleaning process. If there is a lot of oil pollution in the pipeline (such as ventilation ducts in restaurants), neutral cleaning agents and hot water should be prepared to avoid using highly corrosive chemicals that can damage the pipeline material.

　　针对不同污垢类型，需采用对应的清理方式。对于干燥的灰尘和颗粒物，可先用高压吹风机从管道一端向另一端吹扫，将浮尘集中到预设的收集口，再用吸尘器将灰尘彻底吸除。对于管道内壁附着的顽固尘垢，可使用带有软毛刷的延长杆进行反复擦拭，注意动作轻柔，避免毛刷脱落堵塞管道。若管道内存在油污，需先用稀释后的中性清洁剂喷洒在油污处，静置 10-15 分钟使其软化，再用沾有热水的抹布擦拭，最后用清水冲洗干净，并用干布吸干水分，防止残留水分在管道内滋生霉菌。

　　Corresponding cleaning methods should be adopted for different types of dirt. For dry dust and particulate matter, you can first use a high-pressure blower to blow from one end of the pipeline to the other, collect the floating dust at the preset collection port, and then use a vacuum cleaner to thoroughly remove the dust. For stubborn dirt adhered to the inner wall of the pipeline, an extension rod with a soft bristled brush can be used for repeated wiping, paying attention to gentle movement to avoid the brush falling off and blocking the pipeline. If there is oil contamination in the pipeline, it is necessary to first spray diluted neutral cleaner on the oil contaminated area, let it sit for 10-15 minutes to soften it, then wipe it with a cloth dipped in hot water, and finally rinse it with clean water and absorb the water with a dry cloth to prevent residual water from breeding mold in the pipeline.

　　对于较长的通风管道，可采用分段清理的方式。先将管道按长度划分成若干段，每段之间用挡板隔离，避免清理时污垢扩散到其他区域。从距离出风口最近的一段开始，逐步向深处推进，确保每段管道都清理彻底。弯道和接头处是污垢容易堆积的部位，需用专用的弯道刷反复清理，确保无死角。清理过程中，可通过内窥镜实时检查清理效果，直至管道内壁无明显污垢附着。

　　For longer ventilation ducts, segmented cleaning can be used. First, divide the pipeline into several sections according to length, and isolate each section with a baffle to prevent dirt from spreading to other areas during cleaning. Starting from the section closest to the air outlet, gradually push deeper to ensure that each section of the pipeline is thoroughly cleaned. Curves and joints are areas where dirt is prone to accumulate, and they need to be cleaned repeatedly with a specialized curve brush to ensure no dead corners. During the cleaning process, the cleaning effect can be checked in real time through an endoscope until there is no obvious dirt adhering to the inner wall of the pipeline.

　　清理后的维护措施能延长管道洁净周期。清理完成后，需检查管道连接处的密封性，更换老化的密封垫，防止外界灰尘再次进入。对于餐饮场所等油污产生较多的环境，建议在通风口安装滤网，并定期清洗或更换滤网，减少油污进入管道的量。在山东潮湿的夏季，可适当增加通风系统的运行时间，降低管道内湿度，抑制微生物滋生。此外，建议每年至少进行一次全面清理，在冬季供暖前和夏季多雨期前各进行一次简易检查，及时处理轻微的污垢堆积。

　　The maintenance measures after cleaning can extend the pipeline cleaning cycle. After cleaning, it is necessary to check the sealing of the pipeline connection and replace the aging sealing gasket to prevent external dust from entering again. For environments with high levels of oil pollution, such as dining establishments, it is recommended to install filters at ventilation openings and regularly clean or replace them to reduce the amount of oil entering pipelines. In the humid summer of Shandong, the operation time of the ventilation system can be appropriately increased to reduce the humidity inside the pipeline and inhibit the growth of microorganisms. In addition, it is recommended to conduct a comprehensive cleaning at least once a year, with a simple inspection before winter heating and before the rainy season in summer, to promptly deal with minor dirt accumulation.

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