济南通风管道从材料选择到安装完成，每个环节都需遵循严格标准，结合本地气候与建筑需求，打造出适配的通风系统。

　　From material selection to installation completion, strict standards must be followed in every aspect of Jinan ventilation ducts, combined with local climate and building requirements to create a suitable ventilation system.

　　材料筛选与预处理是制作通风管道的基础。考虑到济南四季分明、冬季寒冷干燥、夏季高温多雨的气候特点，常用材料有镀锌钢板、不锈钢板、无机玻璃钢和复合材料等。镀锌钢板成本适中，防腐蚀性能良好，适合普通民用建筑；不锈钢板则适用于厨房、实验室等对耐腐蚀性要求高的场所。材料进场后，需仔细检查表面是否平整、有无划痕或锈斑，并用清洁剂去除油污和杂质，确保板材洁净，为后续加工奠定基础。

　　Material screening and pretreatment are the foundation for making ventilation ducts. Considering the distinct four seasons, cold and dry winters, and hot and rainy summers in Jinan, commonly used materials include galvanized steel plates, stainless steel plates, inorganic fiberglass reinforced plastic, and composite materials. Galvanized steel sheet has moderate cost, good anti-corrosion performance, and is suitable for ordinary civil buildings; Stainless steel plates are suitable for places with high corrosion resistance requirements such as kitchens and laboratories. After the materials enter the site, it is necessary to carefully inspect the surface for flatness, scratches or rust spots, and use cleaning agents to remove oil stains and impurities, ensuring that the board is clean and laying the foundation for subsequent processing.

　　加工成型环节对管道质量起着决定性作用。首先根据设计图纸，利用数控切割机或等离子切割机对板材进行精确裁剪，保证尺寸误差控制在极小范围内。裁剪后的板材通过折弯机进行折边处理，形成管道的侧壁与法兰边。对于圆形通风管道，需将裁剪好的弧形板材通过卷板机卷制成圆管形状，再进行焊接或咬口连接。咬口连接是通风管道制作中常用的工艺，通过专用的咬口机将板材边缘加工成特定形状，相互咬合后形成牢固的连接，既保证密封性，又避免了焊接可能带来的变形问题。

　　The processing and forming process plays a decisive role in the quality of pipelines. Firstly, according to the design drawings, use a CNC cutting machine or plasma cutting machine to accurately cut the sheet metal, ensuring that the dimensional error is controlled within a very small range. The cut sheet is folded by a bending machine to form the side walls and flange edges of the pipeline. For circular ventilation ducts, the cut arc-shaped plates need to be rolled into a circular tube shape by a plate rolling machine, and then welded or bite connected. Bite connection is a commonly used technique in the production of ventilation ducts. By using a dedicated bite machine to process the edges of the board into a specific shape, they are interlocked to form a firm connection, ensuring sealing and avoiding deformation problems that may arise from welding.

　　配件制作与组装完善通风管道的功能性。法兰是管道连接的重要部件，通常采用角钢或扁钢制作，通过焊接或螺栓连接的方式固定在管道两端。制作好的法兰需与管道紧密贴合，确保连接后不会出现漏风现象。此外，还需制作弯头、三通、变径等管件，以满足复杂的通风路径需求。这些管件同样要经过精确的裁剪、成型和连接，保证气流能够顺畅通过。所有部件制作完成后，在组装阶段要仔细检查各连接处的密封性，对咬口处或焊接处进行密封处理，可使用密封胶或密封条，防止空气泄漏影响通风效果。

　　The production and assembly of accessories improve the functionality of ventilation ducts. Flanges are important components for pipeline connections, usually made of angle steel or flat steel, and fixed at both ends of the pipeline by welding or bolt connection. The produced flange should be tightly fitted with the pipeline to ensure that there is no air leakage after connection. In addition, it is necessary to make fittings such as elbows, tees, and reducers to meet the complex ventilation path requirements. These fittings also need to be precisely cut, shaped, and connected to ensure smooth airflow. After all components are manufactured, the sealing of each connection should be carefully checked during the assembly stage. Sealing treatment should be carried out on the bite or welding points, and sealant or sealing strips can be used to prevent air leakage from affecting the ventilation effect.

　　表面处理与质量检验是制作工艺的收尾关键步骤。为增强通风管道的耐久性，根据使用环境进行表面处理，如普通环境下的镀锌钢板管道可喷涂防锈漆；不锈钢管道则进行抛光或钝化处理。处理完成后，严格按照相关标准进行质量检验，通过外观检查管道表面是否平整、连接是否牢固，利用漏光法或漏风量测试设备检测管道的密封性，确保制作完成的通风管道各项指标符合要求，能够在济南的建筑环境中稳定、高效地运行。

　　Surface treatment and quality inspection are the key closing steps of the manufacturing process. To enhance the durability of ventilation ducts, surface treatment should be carried out according to the usage environment. For example, galvanized steel pipes in ordinary environments can be sprayed with anti rust paint; Stainless steel pipes are polished or passivated. After the processing is completed, strict quality inspection shall be carried out in accordance with relevant standards. The surface of the pipeline shall be checked for flatness and firm connection through appearance inspection. The sealing of the pipeline shall be tested using light leakage method or air leakage testing equipment to ensure that all indicators of the completed ventilation pipeline meet the requirements and can operate stably and efficiently in the building environment of Jinan.

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